I've taken a list of English words, and examined each of them to see what they sound like (using the PHP metaphone function). This page lists the most common metaphone codes, along with their words. You can also search for a word of your own, and see which words sound similar - and which ones rhyme, and which ones alliterate.
artery artier arider ardor ardour
artery perter rater triter gritter hurter garter rewriter retry brighter barratry artier grottier ferreter reutter rattier retear fretter groutier bruiter gyratory courter critter garotter fruiter writer shirtier charter troutier territory darter prudery portray partier greater wartier carrotier tarter barter predry oratory redry quarter fritter martyry phratry mortary rioter cowriter pearter feretory crater carter irater broidery grouter frater rotter rudery rootier grittier frotteur ratter barrater brattier rotary purtier garroter heartier greeter treater ritter curter ruttier courtier barretry rooter moratory fruitier quartier frettier krater router narrater prater dirtier chertier juratory ureter grater parroter porter prettier sorter tartier trotter charioteer shorter
art aired airt aorta aortae arete arietta ariette arty aureate