I've taken a list of English words, and examined each of them to see what they sound like (using the PHP metaphone function). This page lists the most common metaphone codes, along with their words. You can also search for a word of your own, and see which words sound similar - and which ones rhyme, and which ones alliterate.
partan parton pertain protean puritan pardon proton pardine preteen protein preattune hypertonia predawn pyridine
quartan partan tartan chorten tartana pertain retain certain protean parton ratan ratany rattan reattain burton hearten carton cortin curtain lurdan marten jordan martin torten puritan shorten
part party parodoi parody parred parried parrot parroty port peart prate protea pruta purty spared sparoid paired parity pardy pardie pardi pardee pardah pard pared parade pert prat pretty protei prutah apart sparid sparred